The pancreas produces enzyme-rich pancreatic juice that is used to break down and subsequently digest food.If the pancreatic duct becomes blocked, the enzymes produced are delayed and begin to break down the organ itself, causing inflammation and pancreatitis.Pancreatitis is a common disease in the modern world.People who lead unhealthy lifestyles are more likely to develop the disease than others: smoking, drinking alcohol and eating junk food.There are various causes of this disease:
- Drinking alcohol.
- Malnutrition, overeating.
- Abdominal injury.
- Infectious diseases of the digestive system.
- Gallstone disease.
- Parasites.
- Taking certain medications and allergic reactions.
- Postoperative complications (approximately 5%).
Factors that influence the development of the disease must be eliminated.In special cases, when pancreatitis is caused by an injury or another condition (such as gallstones), cure is possible.
Basic nutrition for pancreatitis
Unfortunately, a complete cure is usually not possible, but there may be a chance to halt the destruction of the pancreas and try to reduce recurrence.Nutrition of the pancreas is very important in pancreatitis.Acute conditions can be relieved with medication; dietary nutrition remains the main component.
The basic principle of pancreatitis nutrition is not to burden the pancreas.Try to reduce enzyme production.Food should be easily digested without causing fermentation.You need to eat often, in small amounts more often.A smaller portion means less load on the diseased organ.During exacerbations, frequent meal sharing is not included.The less often a person eats, the better.Meal time reaches 12 hours.For pancreatitis, warm, soft foods are welcome.
It is very important for patients with pancreatitis to study in detail which foods should never be eaten, which foods should be avoided during pancreatitis, and which foods are allowed to be eaten.
Authorized products
- Dry bread or crackers.
- Dietary meats: Lean beef, rabbit, chicken and white parts of turkey.
- Dairy products: milk, low-acid cheese and yogurt.It is necessary to monitor the fat content of the product.No more than 2% cottage cheese, preferably low-fat.It is recommended to exclude fermented baked milk, sour cream and cream.
- Lean fish.Preferably cod.
- Grains and any pasta.
- Vegetables that do not produce strong gas.Carrots, potatoes, beets, pumpkins, zucchini.
- Fruit: green apples, pears, bananas, avocados, persimmons only.It is recommended to bake fruits.
- Light tea, dried fruit or berry preserves.
Disable product
- Alcohol.Even low-alcoholic drinks must be completely excluded during the diet!
- Chocolate, sugar, desserts, cakes, pastries, baked goods and other products containing large amounts of sugar.
- Pork and red fish.
- Seasonings, spices, salt, bacon.
- Fermentable vegetables: cabbage, radish, onion, garlic, spinach, radish.
- Fruits: grapes, red apples, citrus fruits, peaches, plums.
- Coffee, strong black or green tea, cocoa, carbonated drinks, packaged juices.
- Cereals and porridge: millet, barley, corn.
- Beans, mushrooms, nuts.
During remission, slight relaxation is allowed.For example, drinking weak coffee with milk is acceptable.For dressing, use low-fat sour cream, olive oil, or flaxseed oil.
It is not recommended to drink soup that stimulates gastric juice secretion if you have pancreatitis.However, except for exacerbations, vegetable soup can be eaten.A spoonful of honey with your dessert won't hurt.
Although there are few types of foods to treat pancreatitis, a well-designed menu makes the diet diverse.
Types of Pancreatitis and Nutrition
Pancreatitis is classified according to the nature of the disease:
- Acute pancreatitis.
- Chronic pancreatitis.
Depending on the type, the doctor will prescribe appropriate treatment and diet.
Acute pancreatitis is treated in the hospital.This is a serious condition that can be fatal if you don't seek immediate medical attention.In addition to surgical intervention, if acute pancreatitis occurs, the following conditions must be met:
- Bed rest.
- Inhibition of pancreatic function.
- Medication.
- Starvation diet.
During an exacerbation of pancreatitis, fasting is required.The fasting diet can last up to three days.A person should drink 1.5-2 liters of liquid - mineral water will do, the gas needs to be released, light black or green tea or rosehip infusion, clean water will do.If the condition is severe, extend the fast to 7 days and provide intravenous nutrition.
Patients with acute pancreatitis should eat a light diet after fasting.Oatmeal, thick soups and boiled rice are allowed.The basic rule during an exacerbation is to introduce food gradually.For the first few days, food is low-calorie, thick, and will not irritate the gastrointestinal tract.As recovery progresses, volume and calorie content will increase.
After the acute phase, the disease becomes chronic.Chronic pancreatitis is characterized by low-grade inflammation and cyclic pain.Alcohol use and stimulating foods can trigger attacks.
To prevent frequent recurrences and reduce pain, a pancreatitis diet should be maintained throughout life.The diet must contain protein from plant and animal sources.But the fat mass has been reduced to the limit.Handle carbs with care.The diet for chronic pancreatitis is carefully planned so that the patient gets the necessary nutrients despite the small list of allowed foods.In addition, vitamins may be prescribed.
Dietary treatment for pancreatitis
How to eat correctly during pancreatitis so as not to damage the pancreas?
Soviet doctors also developed a special therapeutic diet for patients with pancreatitis.It's called Pevzner Diet No. 5.Although dietary therapy has changed over the years, nutrition for the treatment of pancreatitis is still based on Diet No. 5.If the condition worsens, Pevzner Diet No. 5p is prescribed.
Diet for chronic pancreatitis varies.Diet No. 5 allows milk sausage and doctor sausage.Still, given modern realities, it's best to say no to the sausage.If you want, you can try making your own sausage.First of all, before diet food becomes a habit, it is better to plan a menu for the week and buy the necessary products according to the list.You should avoid unnecessary trips to stores where you may be purchasing prohibited products.
Pancreatitis Weekly Menu
First day:
- Breakfast: Finely ground oatmeal, cooked until thick.Weak green tea.
- Snack: Yogurt.
- Lunch: Mashed potatoes with steamed turkey steak and berry preserves.
- Snack: Grilled green apples.
- Dinner: Pumpkin semolina porridge, light black tea.
- Before bed: low-fat cottage cheese.
Second day:
- Breakfast: Omelette steamed or oven-roasted, rosehip infusion.
- Snack: Boil carrots in minimal oil.
- Lunch: Vegetable puree soup.Crackers. Add a tablespoon of vegetable oil.Dried fruit compote.
- Snacks: cheese sandwich, light green tea.
- Dinner: Boiled cauliflower, steamed fish fillet.Top with 10% sour cream.
- Before bed: Yogurt.
Third day:
- Breakfast: porridge with milk, boiled rice, milk diluted with water.Weak black tea.
- Snack: Cheesy casserole, made with semolina.Add a spoonful of honey.
- Lunch: spaghetti and lean beef steamed meatballs.Dried fruit compote.
- Snack: Grilled pears.
- Dinner: Milk buckwheat soup.green tea.
- Before bed: yogurt.
Day 4:
- Breakfast: oatmeal, black tea.
- Snack: Boil or roast beets.
- Lunch: Stewed vegetables with steamed chicken fillet and rose hips.
- Snacks: skinny buns, jelly.
- Dinner: Milk vermicelli soup.
- Before bed: Kefir.
Day 5:
- Breakfast: steamed eggs, black tea.It's convenient to cook an omelet in a bag.Pour the stock mixture into a food bag, tie tightly and place in boiling water.Omelets cook much faster than steam without losing their properties.
- Snack: yogurt.
- Lunch: Vegetable and meatball soup (the meatballs are prepared separately), candied fruit.
- Snack: Sandwich with butter and avocado, rose hips.
- Dinner: Buckwheat steamed pork slices and jelly.
- Before bed: low-fat cottage cheese.
Day six:
- Breakfast: Semolina porridge, boiled, weak coffee with milk.
- Snack: Green apple jelly.
- Lunch: Pumpkin puree soup, you can add a little milk and candied fruit.
- Snack: yogurt.
- Dinner: Rice with turkey or chicken tenders and rose hips.
- Before bed: jelly.
Day seven:
- Breakfast: buckwheat milk soup.Milk is best diluted.
- Snack: Banana.
- Lunch: vermicelli, steamed rabbit slices, candied fruits.
- Snack: Cheese casserole, a spoonful of honey.
- Dinner: steamed vegetables, tea.
- Before bed: yogurt.
An approximate menu for chronic pancreatitis is described; permitted products can diversify the list.The main thing is to meet the following conditions:
- It is recommended to eat food from the area where you live.Exotic fruits and vegetables are not good for you; they are green when they are brought to the store.
- Preserves are made from dried fruits, to which berries are added: lingonberries, blueberries, blackcurrants.It is not advisable to drink juice frequently.Remember - the drink is more concentrated than preserves and can irritate mucous membranes.
- Products undergoing heat treatment must be boiled or steamed.Vegetables and fruits should only be cooked and eaten.
- Products used to treat pancreatitis must be fresh and of high quality.A healthy person's body can tolerate yogurt or soup for a week.This type of diet during pancreatic inflammation can worsen the condition.
Weekly menu after exacerbation of pancreatitis
After the condition worsens, food needs to be introduced carefully, starting with a small amount of calories and gradually increasing to normal.The food the first week was poor.After eating, you need to monitor your condition; if it worsens, be sure to consult your doctor.
First day after fasting:
- Dry bread and jelly.
- Continue to drink plenty of fluids.
the next day:
- Thick rice soup.
- Dry bread or crackers.
- Light black tea, rosehip infusion, jelly.
- Continue to drink plenty of fluids.
Day three:
- Breakfast: oatmeal, thin, thick, cooked with water.
- Lunch: Liquid mashed potatoes.
- Dinner: rusk.Light black tea or rosehip tea.
Day 4:
- Breakfast: semolina porridge and water.
- Lunch: Liquid mashed potatoes.
- Dinner: Cookies.Kissel.
Day 5:
- Breakfast: buckwheat milk soup.
- Lunch: Mashed vegetables from potatoes and carrots.
- Dinner: Cookies.Preserves.
Day six:
- Breakfast: Protein Omelet.
- Lunch: porridge soup.
- Dinner: Pumpkin and zucchini puree.black tea.
Day seven:
- Breakfast: Oatmeal cooked in thin milk.
- Lunch: Stewed vegetables, steamed turkey meatballs.
- Dinner: Low-fat cottage cheese.green tea.
- Before bed: Oatmeal jelly.
- After 10-14 days, gradually return to a basic diet.
Consequences of not following the diet
If a person neglects his or her condition during pancreatitis and does not follow proper nutrition, the behavior can worsen.Chronic relapsing pancreatitis is a dangerous disease of the pancreas.The progressive disease increases the area of cellular damage, leading to complete atrophy of the organ and the development of accompanying diseases - cholecystitis, peptic ulcers, threatening diabetes and pancreatic cancer.
The diet of patients with pancreatitis is the foundation for a long, quality life.